Category: Philosophy and logic

Date of Coming	: 2022-08-10
Section	: Philosophy and logic
Auther	: Zaki Naguib Mahmoud
Department	: Social sciences
Size of file	: 10.1MB
Language	: Arabic
Number of Pages	: 273
book quality	: Good

Author: Zaki Naguib Mahmoud

About the Author: One of the most prominent Arab philosophers and thinkers in the twentieth century, and one of the pioneers of logical positivism. Al-Akkad described him as “a philosopher of writers and a writer of philosophers; He is a thinker who formulates his thought into literature, and a writer who makes his literature into philosophy.” Zaki Naguib Mahmoud was born in the village of Mit El-Khouli Abdullah in Damietta Governorate on the first of February 1905 AD, and joined the village writers. Then he graduated from the High School of Teachers in the Literary Department in 1930 AD, and in 1944 AD he was sent on a mission to England during which he obtained a “Bachelor of Honors of the First Class” in Philosophy from the University of London; Immediately after that, he obtained a PhD in Philosophy from King’s College London in 1947. He taught at several Arab and international universities; He taught in the Department of Philosophy at the Faculty of Arts, Cairo University, Columbia University in South Carolina, Pullman University in Washington State, Beirut Arab University in Lebanon, and several universities in Kuwait. He was also appointed cultural attaché at the Egyptian Embassy in Washington in 1954 and 1955. He was selected as a member of many cultural and intellectual committees; He was a member of the Philosophy and Poetry committees of the Supreme Council for the Sponsorship of Arts, Letters and Social Sciences, the National Council for Culture, and the National Council for Education and Scientific Research. He joined the committee of authoring, translation and publishing to co-publish with Ahmed Amin a series of books on philosophy and the history of literature in a clear and easy way for the public intellectual. He received many awards and honors for his works, including: the Literary Excellence Award from the Ministry of Education (now Education) in 1939 AD for his book “The Land of Dreams”, and the State Encouragement Award in Philosophy in 1960 AD for his book “Towards a Scientific Philosophy”, and the Order of Arts and Letters from Tabqa The first in 1960, the State Appreciation Award in Literature in 1975, the Republic Medal of the First Class in 1975, the Arab Culture Award from the League of Arab States in 1984, and the Sultan bin Ali Al Owais Award in 1991. The American University in Cairo awarded him an honorary doctorate in 1985. He is the author of many books on philosophy, including: “Positive Logic”, “A Position on Metaphysics”, and “A Window on the Philosophy of the Age”. He has several books that affect our intellectual and cultural life, including: “The Renewal of Arab Thought,” “In Our Mental Life,” and “In Modernizing Arab Culture.” His literary books include: “The Earth Comedy” and “The Paradise of the Abbey”. He presented his intellectual biography in three books: “The Story of Nafs,” “The Story of the Mind,” and “The Harvest of the Years.” This is in addition to his translations. He died in Cairo on September 8, 1993 AD at the age of eighty-eight, after he left his prominent imprints in our intellectual life and philosophical vision.

الجبر الذاتي book pdf download By Zaki Naguib Mahmoud

تحميل كتاب الجبر الذاتي pdf الكاتب زكي نجيب محمود الجبر الذاتي pdf

Download PDF of الجبر الذاتي book pdf download By Zaki Naguib Mahmoud
-Adrian Agency Library

Section	: Philosophy and logic
Date of Coming	: 2022-08-10
Department	: Social sciences
Language	: Arabic
Number of Pages	: 584
book quality	: Good
Auther	: Ameen Rihani
Size of file	: 3.34MB

Author: Ameen Rihani

About the Author: A Lebanese thinker, writer, novelist, historian, traveller, and cartoonist. He is considered one of the greatest advocates of social reform and giants of thought in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries in the Arab world. He was called “Al-Rihani” due to the large number of basil trees surrounding his house. Al-Rihani wrote in many literary genres, such as poetry, novels, articles, theatre, biographies, travels, and criticism. He also wrote in many other fields of knowledge, such as philosophy, history, economics, sociology, geography, and practiced drawing and acting. Al-Rihani had a history of struggle in which he spared no effort in employing his encyclopedic knowledge against the French occupation and striving for Lebanon’s independence. He remained on his path of knowledge and struggle until God passed away in 1940 AD, after he left a huge literary and scientific legacy.

الريحانيات book pdf download By Ameen Rihani

تُعدُّ «الريحانيات» صفوةَ ما قدم الأديب الكبير «أمين الريحاني»، فعلى الرغم من كونها أولَ أعماله، إلا أنها عَبَّرَت وبصدق عن شخصيته، واستحقت أن تحمل اسمه. وقد دفعتْ به كثيرًا إلى الأمام، فجعلته يبدأ كبيرًا. وقد صدرت «الريحانيات» على مدار ثلاثة عشر عامًا، وقد ضمنها شعاره الشهير الذي تَبَنَّاهُ: «قلْ كلمتك وامشِ»، وشرح فيها أبرزَ آرائه الفلسفية ومبادئه الاجتماعية التي شاعت في سائر مؤلفاته لاحقًا. وبها دعوةٌ صريحة للتخلي عن العصبية الدينية. وقد أثارت «الريحانيات» جدلًا عنيفًا مع رجال الدين خاصة اليسوعيين منهم، الذين اتهموه بأنه تخلى عن روح التسامح المسيحيِّ، في حين أثنى عليها الكثيرُ من رجال عصره؛ فقد قال عنها إسماعيل صبرى: «الريحانيات من حسنات الآداب في هذا الزمن.»

Download PDF of الريحانيات book pdf download By Ameen Rihani
-Adrian Agency Library

book quality	: Good
Size of file	: 15.0MB
Date of Coming	: 2022-08-10
Department	: Social sciences
Auther	: Ibrahim Zaidan
Section	: Philosophy and logic
Language	: Arabic
Number of Pages	: 168

Author: Ibrahim Zaidan

About the Author: He was born and raised in Beirut, then joined his brother to Cairo, establishing the “Hilal Library” and publishing school books in his name. Including “Al-Mustadirat min Al-Anwadir – t” and “Anecdotes of the writers – t” and “Anecdotes of the honorable in the pre-Islamic era and Islam – t” and he has systems below the middle in a small “Diwan-i” and “Insha’ al-Rasa’il-i”. He died in Cairo.

نوادر الأدباء book pdf download By Ibrahim Zaidan

يتناول هذا الكتاب مقتطفاتٍ شتى من أقوال الخلفاء، والفلاسفة، والحكماء، والزهاد، والأمراء بأسلوبٍ قصصي يخلب لبَّ القارئ، فيذهب به طوعًا إلى احتذاء المثل، وقبول العظات الأخلاقية، والدينية، والعلمية القويمة التي تضمها هذه الأقوال بين ثناياها، وقد وفق الكاتب في استخدامه لكلمة النوادر؛ لأن النادرة لا تطلق إلا على الشيء الفريد الذي يُعجز الأشباه والنظائر لندرته؛ وقد جاءت نوادر هذا الكتاب خير برهان على مكنون اللفظ؛ فكل قصة وضعها الكاتب بين طيات كتابه تختزل بحرًا زاخرًا من بحور الحكم التي تلخص حياة الخطباء، والأمراء، والخلفاء في ومضة تاريخية تجلي معنى النادرة في قصصٍ ببدائع الآيات زاخرة.

Download PDF of نوادر الأدباء book pdf download By Ibrahim Zaidan
-Adrian Agency Library

Number of Pages	: 108
Size of file	: 3.65MB
Department	: Social sciences
Date of Coming	: 2022-08-10
Section	: Philosophy and logic
book quality	: Good
Auther	: Abu Nasr Muhammad Al-Farabi
Language	: Arabic

Author: Abu Nasr Muhammad Al-Farabi

About the Author: Abu Nasr Muhammad al-Farabi: A Turkish Muslim philosopher, famous for his combination of logic, politics, and ethics. He was nicknamed “The Second Teacher” and had a great influence on the great later Muslim philosophers such as Ibn Sina and Ibn Rushd. Abu Nasr Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn Uzlag ibn Tarkhan al-Turki al-Farabi was born in 260 AH/874 AD in Farab, a city in Khorasan (present-day Iran), and his father was a commander in the army. Al-Farabi moved from his city to Baghdad, and there he devoted himself to learning the Arabic language until he mastered it. He was also allowed to study music, complete his studies in languages, medicine, science and mathematics. He met famous Arab sages such as “Abu Bishr” and took from them. A study of ancient and modern times, especially what abounded in the writings of Aristotle’s “first teacher”, to which al-Farabi paid great attention to study, explanation and analysis. Al-Farabi wrote most of his books in Baghdad, then moved to the Levant, Egypt, and returned to Damascus again, where Saif al-Dawla al-Hamdani approached him, and included him in his council, which was the complex of virtues in all knowledge. But that position did not promise him money and wealth; He was one of the most ascetic of people, and he was not concerned with worldly gains. He remained in that state, detached from education and writing until his death in Damascus in the year 393 AH / 950 AD at the age of eighty years. This, and only forty of Al-Farabi’s numerous books have reached us, of which thirty-two are in Arabic, six have been translated into Hebrew, and two have been translated into Latin. Perhaps one of his most famous books are “The Opinions of the People of the Virtuous City,” “The Great Music,” and “The Great Music.” Statistics of science and definition of its purposes.

آراء أهل المدينة الفاضلة ومضاداتها book pdf download By Abu Nasr Muhammad Al-Farabi

«المدينة الفاضلة» هي ذلك التعبير الذي يستدعي إلى الأذهان أحلام الحكماء والفلاسفة منذ «أفلاطون» حتى «توماس مور» وصولًا إلى العصر الحديث، ولكلٍّ نظرته الخاصة حيال تلك الحياة اليوتوبية المأمولة. و«الفارابي» الفيلسوف العربي الملقَّب ﺑ «المعلم الثاني» كان أول من تبلور لديه مفهوم متكامل للمدينة الفاضلة من منظورٍ عربيٍّ إسلامي، وهو موضوع هذا الكتاب الذي بين أيدينا. ويشتمل الكتاب على سبعةٍ وثلاثين فصلًا، تناول فيها المؤلِّف خمسة موضوعاتٍ رئيسية، هي: الذات الإلهية ممثَّلةً في الموجود الأول، والعالَم بما يحتوي من موجودات؛ جمادات وكائنات حية وأجرام سماوية، والنفس الإنسانية، والأخلاق ومبادئها الأساسية، وأخيرًا حاجة الإنسان إلى الاجتماع. وهنا يصوغ الفارابي صورةً مُثلى للتعاون بين أفراد المجتمع من أجل مدينةٍ فاضلةٍ يسود فيها العدل، وينعم سكانها بالسعادة، وتُمكِّنهم فضائلهم من الصمود في مواجهة المدن الجاهلة.

Download PDF of آراء أهل المدينة الفاضلة ومضاداتها book pdf download By Abu Nasr Muhammad Al-Farabi
-Adrian Agency Library

book quality	: Good
Number of Pages	: 23
Size of file	: 4.39MB
Date of Coming	: 2022-08-10
Language	: Arabic
Auther	: Ahmed Zaki Abu Shady
Department	: Social sciences
Section	: Philosophy and logic

Author: Ahmed Zaki Abu Shady

About the Author: Ahmed Zaki Abu Shadi: An Egyptian poet and physician, a scholar of the Diaspora poetic school, and a pioneer of the renewal movement in modern Arabic poetry, and to him is attributed the founding of the “Apollo” poetic school, which included poets of sentimental romance in the modern era. Ahmed Zaki Abu Shadi was born in the Abdin district of Cairo in 1892 AD. His father was Muhammad Abu Shadi Bey, who was the head of the Bar Association, and a prominent member of the Wafd Party. Our poet graduated in the field of science until he joined the medical school in Qasr Al-Aini, and in 1913 he traveled to England to study medicine, and learned the English language until he became skilled in it, and became acquainted with its literature, then specialized in bacteriology until he became an agent of the Faculty of Medicine, then turned to beekeeping and established The International Bee Club, and he also founded the Society of Arabic Language Arts, but he did not like his standing in Egypt, where his innovative doctrine in poetry was hit with slaps of criticism and attack; He immigrated to New York in 1946, wrote in some of its Arabic newspapers, worked in commerce and radio, and formed a literary association in New York called the Minerva Association, which included a number of Arab and American writers and thinkers. He also taught Arabic at the Asia Institute in New York. Ahmed Zaki Abu Shadi left the literary field a huge literary legacy, and he published a large number of collections, including: “The Weeping Twilight”, “Ihsan”, “Rays of Shadows”, “The Torch”, and “Fuq Al-Abbab”. He has authored theatrical plays, including: “The Play of the Gods”, “Akhenaten”, and “Pharaoh of Egypt”. In the scientific field, he published a number of journals supporting this field; He issued the “Kingdom of the Bees” magazine, and issued the “Study Industries” magazine, and compiled the book “The Doctor and the Laboratory” in a huge volume. He passed away in Washington in 1955.

عقيدة الألوهة book pdf download By Ahmed Zaki Abu Shady

طالما شغل سؤالُ الألوهة ذهنَ الإنسان، وتعدَّدت الإجابات بصدده؛ فلكلِّ ديانة تصوُّرٌ يعتقده أتباعها عن مُوجِدهم ومعبودهم، ويمثِّل هذا التصوُّر إجابةً واضحة لا يزعزعها شكٌّ، بينما يقدِّم الفلاسفة باختلاف مذاهبهم إجاباتٍ أخرى قد تتلاقى في إثبات الألوهة، أو تتنافر بين جزمٍ وعدمِ جزمٍ بنفيها. ويفتح العلمُ مع توالي كشوفاته المادية البابَ واسعًا أمامَ فقدان الاتصال الديني والفلسفي بفكرة الإله، بينما يجد كثيرون في صُلب العلم مداخلَ عدة للاستدلال على وجود خالقٍ ومنظِّمٍ للكون، ولا يجد آخَرون تعارُضًا بين العلم والدين، وربما زاوَجوا بينهما للخروج برأيٍ فلسفيٍّ تطمئنُّ له نفوسهم. آراء عديدة يتعرَّض لها «أحمد زكي أبو شادي» بالشرح الموجز والنقد الهادئ، متوصِّلًا في ختام أطروحته إلى عرضٍ وافٍ لوجهة نظره، ورؤيته للسبب الجدير بتدعيم «عقيدة الألوهة» وترسيخها في العقول والقلوب.

Download PDF of عقيدة الألوهة book pdf download By Ahmed Zaki Abu Shady
-Adrian Agency Library

Language	: Arabic
Number of Pages	: 229
Auther	: Mahmoud Amin
Department	: Social sciences
Size of file	: 4.12MB
Section	: Philosophy and logic
Date of Coming	: 2022-08-10
book quality	: Good

Author: Mahmoud Amin

About the Author: In that poor neighborhood.. the Shubra neighborhood, Mahmoud Amin was born.. He was accustomed to a life of solitude since his childhood and preferred it. He found in the book his lost and friend.. When he moved to live in the Al-Zahir neighborhood near Faggala when it was still full of libraries, that was the best day of his life.. He lived his childhood and adolescence between the Modern Arab Foundation, the House of Knowledge, the Renaissance of Egypt, and the Library of Egypt.. He joined the Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, then was appointed as a teaching assistant in the Department of Mathematics, and now he occupies the position of an assistant teacher in the department.. Despite his work closely with science, this did not distract him from his hobby. And his love for literature did not fade, so his first attempts were his collection of stories (Doll Looks), which was credited to Professor Muhammad Sami, director of Dar Laila, who encouraged him to print it.

الفكر العربي بين الخصوصية والكونية book pdf download By Mahmoud Amin

تحميل كتاب الفكر العربي بين الخصوصية والكونية محمود أمين العالم pdf

Download PDF of الفكر العربي بين الخصوصية والكونية book pdf download By Mahmoud Amin
-Adrian Agency Library

Date of Coming	: 2022-08-10
book quality	: Good
Department	: Social sciences
Auther	: Moamen Ahmed Farouk
Language	: Arabic
Section	: Philosophy and logic
Number of Pages	: 7
Size of file	: 0.20MB

Author: Moamen Ahmed Farouk

About the Author: Moamen Ahmed Farouk (born in Gharbia in 1998) is an Egyptian playwright and actor, studying at the Higher Institute for Administrative Sciences and Foreign Trade – Fifth Settlement. His works He participated in many theatrical works such as: The Mayor’s Dream, Mixed Sauce with Sauce, An Intramuscular Injection, Street Children, Clinic, Plain Coffee…and many amateur plays. He has authored many short stories, including: Al-Nidlan, Severe Depression, Salma, and They Are Here, Parting No Meeting After Him, The Sun Paper, The Last Smile, and the eleventh and fifty-nine minutes. He has also written a series of articles entitled “Metapsychology”.

علم ما وراء النفس – التحريك العقلي book pdf download By Moamen Ahmed Farouk

تحميل مقال علم ما وراء النفس- التحريك العقلي pdf

Download PDF of علم ما وراء النفس – التحريك العقلي book pdf download By Moamen Ahmed Farouk
-Adrian Agency Library

Section	: Philosophy and logic
Size of file	: 7.05MB
Department	: Social sciences
Language	: Arabic
Auther	: Boethius
Date of Coming	: 2022-08-10
book quality	: Good
Number of Pages	: 266

Author: Boethius

About the Author: Anicius Manlius Boethius was a Roman senator, consul, magister officiorum, historian, and philosopher of the Early Middle Ages. He was a central figure in the translation of the Greek classics into Latin, a precursor to the Scholastic movement, and, along with Cassiodorus, one of the two leading Christian scholars of the 6th century. In 1883, Pope Leo XIII sanctified him as a saint within the Diocese of Pavia, where he is buried.

About the Author: Boethius was born in Rome a year after the collapse of the Western Roman Empire. A member of the Anici family, he was orphaned following the family’s sudden decline and was raised by Quintus Aurelius Memmius Symmachus, a later consul. After mastering both Latin and Greek in his youth, Boethius rose to prominence as a statesman during the Ostrogothic Kingdom: becoming a senator by age 25, a consul by age 33, and later chosen as a personal advisor to Theodoric the Great.

About the Author: In seeking to reconcile the teachings of Plato and Aristotle with Christian theology, Boethius sought to translate the entirety of the Greek classics for Western scholars. He published numerous transcriptions and commentaries of the works of Nicomachus, Porphyry, and Cicero, among others, and wrote extensively on matters concerning music, mathematics, and theology. Though his translations were unfinished following an untimely death, it is largely due to them that the works of Aristotle survived into the Renaissance.

About the Author: Despite his successes as a senior official, Boethius became deeply unpopular among other members of the Ostrogothic court for denouncing the extensive corruption prevalent among other members of government. After publicly defending fellow-consul Caecina Albinus from charges of conspiracy, he was imprisoned by Theodoric around the year 523. While jailed and suffering from depression, Boethius wrote De consolatione philosophiae a philosophical treatise on fortune, death, and other issues—which became one of the most influential and widely-produced works of the Early Middle Ages. He was tortured and executed in 524, becoming a martyr in the Christian faith.

عزاء الفلسفة book pdf download By Boethius

الرَّجُلُ الَّذِي تُرافِقُه الفَلسَفةُ لا يَمُوتُ أبَدًا. هَكَذا نَقشَتِ الفَلسَفةُ اسْمَ «بوئثيوس» فِي الذَّاكِرةِ الإنْسانِيَّة؛ فَبَينَما كانَ يَقبَعُ فِي سِجنِهِ مُنتظِرًا أنْ يُؤمَرَ الجَلَّادُ بِفَصْلِ رَأسِ الحِكمَةِ عَن جَسَدِها، إِذَا بِهِ يَكتُبُ لنَا «عَزَاء الفَلسَفةِ»؛ دُرَّةَ أَعمالِهِ وأَحدَ أَهمِّ الكُتُبِ الفَلسَفيَّةِ الَّتي مَهَّدَتِ الطَّرِيقَ أَمامَ الفَلسَفةِ الأَرِسطيَّةِ فِي الغَربِ الأُورُوبيِّ طَوَالَ العُصُورِ الوُسْطَى، لِيُصبِحَ بَعدَها الكِتابَ الأَكثَرَ تَدَاوُلًا بَعدَ الكِتابِ المُقدَّسِ طَوَالَ عَشَرةِ قُرُونٍ تَالِية. ولَا يَزالُ «عَزَاءُ الفَلسَفةِ» مَوضُوعَ نِقَاشٍ بَينَ كَثِيرٍ مِنَ المُتخَصِّصِينَ وَالمُثَقَّفِينَ حَولَ ما أَثَارهُ مِن آرَاءٍ وأَفْكَار، ومَا تَناوَلَهُ مِن عَرْضٍ وَتَحلِيل.

Download PDF of عزاء الفلسفة book pdf download By Boethius
-Adrian Agency Library

book quality	: Good
Size of file	: 2.13MB
Language	: Arabic
Department	: Social sciences
Number of Pages	: 260
Date of Coming	: 2022-08-10
Section	: Philosophy and logic
Auther	: Marcus Aurelius

Author: Marcus Aurelius

About the Author: Marcus Aurelius: the pious emperor, who was able to achieve justice, and spread security throughout the Roman Empire. Marcus Aurelius Antonius Augustus was born in 121 AD into an aristocratic family; Which allowed him to increment in political work until he was able to be a member of the Senate, and for his intelligence and good manners, the Emperor “Antonius Pius”, then married him to his daughter “Faustina”, then declared him with his brother “Lucius Verus” crown prince. And they continued to rule the Roman Empire together during the period from 161-167 AD; His brother died, and Marcus Aurelius became the sole ruler. The empire was suffering from crises on all levels; Where the Germans violated the borders of the empire in the north, and from the east, the Persians occupied some Roman states, in addition to the spread of the plague, and the deterioration of economic conditions; On a personal level, his wife and the commander of his army conspired against him. However, all this did not fail him, and he continued to fight to bring peace to the empire; He defeated the Persians and Germans, and eliminated the economic crisis after siding with the poor, to the extent that some considered him the last of the five best Roman emperors ever. In ancient history, and perhaps in all of history, there is no philosopher emperor, but Aurelius, in the opinion of some, was able to achieve Plato’s theory in which he asserted that human affairs would not be reconciled unless the ruler philosophized or ruled. The emperor, the philosopher, was a lover of philosophy, far from matters of the army and battles, before he took power; He was the one who philosophized at the hands of the philosopher of freedom “Epictetus”, who is credited with Aurelius’ adherence to the Stoic doctrine. Aurelius left only the Book of Meditations, and this work alone suffices to perpetuate his name among the ranks of the greats. The funny thing is that Aurelius wrote this book to himself and did not expect anyone else to read it. The pious Emperor Aurelius died in 180 AD.

التأملات book pdf download By Marcus Aurelius

«أيها العالَم، كلُّ شيءٍ يُلائمُني إذا لاءَمَك، وكلُّ ما هو في أوانِه بالنِّسبةِ إليكَ فهوَ كذلكَ عِندي، لا مُتقدِّمٌ لديَّ ولا مُتأخِّر. أيتُها الطبيعة، كلُّ ما تَجلِبُه مَواسِمُكِ فهو ثَمرةٌ لي؛ كلُّ شيءٍ منكِ يَأتي، وفيكِ يعيش، وإليكِ يَعود.» حينَما يُناجِي المرءُ نفسَه، فإنه يَكتبُ إليها ما لا يُعلِنُه لسِواها، ليكشِفَ الحقيقة، فيَكونَ الصدقُ عُنوانَه. في تأمُّلاتِه التي كتَبَها بعُنوانِ «إلى نفسِه» يُمثِّلُ الإمبراطورُ «ماركوس أوريليوس» رؤيةَ الفيلسوفِ حينما يكونُ إمبراطورًا؛ فبينَما كانتْ جبهةُ الدانوبِ تَضِجُّ بالحرب، عكَفَ الإمبراطورُ على تدوينِ مجموعةٍ مِنَ التأمُّلاتِ عبَّرَ فيها عمَّا يَجولُ بخاطرِه حولَ عدةِ موضوعاتٍ حياتيةٍ مُتفرِّقة، وعلى الرغمِ من أنَّه لم يُرِدْ لها أن تَخرجَ للناس، فإنها صارتْ قِبلةَ الفلاسفةِ ومَقصِدَ المُفكرِينَ والقُرَّاءِ بعدَ طباعتِها ونشرِها، ليكونَ كتابُه واحدًا مِن أهمِّ كتبِ الفلسفةِ الرُّواقية، ليس فقطْ لأنه انتقلَ بالفلسفةِ مِنَ التنظيرِ إلى التطبيق، ولكنْ لأنَّ الفيلسوفَ المؤلِّفَ حقَّقَ رؤيةَ «أفلاطونَ» في أن يكونَ الحاكمُ فيلسوفًا.

Download PDF of التأملات book pdf download By Marcus Aurelius
-Adrian Agency Library

Language	: Arabic
Department	: Social sciences
Size of file	: 15.3MB
book quality	: Good
Number of Pages	: 186
Date of Coming	: 2022-08-10
Section	: Philosophy and logic
Auther	: Aristotle

Author: Aristotle

About the Author: Aristotle (384–322 B.C.) numbers among the greatest philosophers of all time. Judged solely in terms of his philosophical influence, only Plato is his peer: Aristotle’s works shaped centuries of philosophy from Late Antiquity through the Renaissance, and even today continue to be studied with keen, non-antiquarian interest. A prodigious researcher and writer, Aristotle left a great body of work, perhaps numbering as many as two-hundred treatises, from which approximately thirty-one survive. His extant writings span a wide range of disciplines, from logic, metaphysics and philosophy of mind, through ethics, political theory, aesthetics and rhetoric, and into such primarily non-philosophical fields as empirical biology, where he excelled at detailed plant and animal observation and taxonomy. In all these areas, Aristotle’s theories have provided illumination, met with resistance, sparked debate, and generally stimulated the sustained interest of an abiding readership.
Because of its wide range and its remoteness in time, Aristotle’s philosophy defies easy encapsulation. The long history of interpretation and appropriation of Aristotelian texts and themes—spanning over two millennia and comprising philosophers working within a variety of religious and secular traditions—has rendered even basic points of interpretation controversial. The set of entries on Aristotle in this site addresses this situation by proceeding in three tiers. First, the present, general entry offers a brief account of Aristotle’s life and characterizes his central philosophical commitments, highlighting his most distinctive methods and most influential achievements. Second are General Topics which offer detailed introductions to the main areas of Aristotle’s philosophical activity. Finally, there follow Special Topics which investigate in greater detail more narrowly focused issues, especially those of central concern in recent Aristotelian scholarship .

نظام الأتينيين book pdf download By Aristotle

ما من أحدٍ يشكُّ في أن الحضارة اليونانية شكَّلت مهد الفكر السياسي، وأنها استطاعت بما وعته من تجارب أن تكون ملمَّةً بالعديد من النظم السياسية، وكان لكل مدينةٍ في اليونان نظامها الخاصُّ الذي أرتأته صالحًا لها. وتعددت تلك الأنظمة بين ديمقراطية، وملكية، وأرستقراطية، وأليجراكية، وغيرها. وهنا يرصد «أرسطو» النظم التي تتابعت على «أثينا» (المدينة اليونانية التي خرج منها نور الحضارة) حتى عام ٤٠٣ قبل الميلاد، كما يستعرض أداء مؤسسات الدولة، وشروط الحصول على المواطنة. وترجع أهمية ترجمة «طه حسين» لهذا الكتاب إلى العربية إلى كونه وثيقة هامة للفكر السياسيِّ الذي كان سائدًا في العصور القديمة، تؤكِّد على أن النظم ليست جيدةً أو سيئةً بذاتها، ولكن تطبيقها هو ما يجعلها عادلةً أو غير عادلة.

Download PDF of نظام الأتينيين book pdf download By Aristotle
-Adrian Agency Library