فلسفة الضوء book pdf download

Date of Coming	: 2022-08-10
Size of file	: 0.67MB
Department	: Social sciences
book quality	: Good
Section	: Philosophy and logic
Language	: Arabic
Auther	: Ḥasan Ibn al-Haytham
Number of Pages	: 36

Author: Ḥasan Ibn al-Haytham

About the Author: Al-Hasan bin Al-Haytham: One of the most famous Muslim scholars, he excelled in astronomy, medicine and engineering, and was nicknamed “Ptolemy the Second”. Al-Hassan bin Al-Haytham Abu Ali Al-Basri was born in 354 AH/969 AD in Basra, where he received his education, and a contemporary of Al-Farabi, Al-Kindi, Al-Khwarizmi and Al-Razi. Ibn al-Haytham was known for his asceticism and devotion to science, studying and teaching. The ruler appointed him some of the offices, and he accepted them reluctantly out of fear of the ruler when he saw his harshness with those who disobey him, so he faked madness, so the ruler stripped him of his money and isolated him in a house from the house and made him proud and disgraced people. Ibn al-Haytham made abundant efforts in many sciences until his news reached European scholars who called him “Al-Hazen” through his famous book “Al-Manazir” which was translated into Latin. Euclid”, “Burning Mirrors”, and “Heights of the Planets”, and he has nearly twenty-four books on optics. Ibn al-Haytham died in Cairo in the year 430 AH.

فلسفة الضوء book pdf download By Ḥasan Ibn al-Haytham

حتَّى القرنِ العاشِرِ الميلاديِّ كانَ المَفْهومُ السائِدُ عنِ الإبصارِ هو أنَّ العينَ تُرسِلُ أشعةً خاصةً تَسقطُ على الأَجْسامِ فتُسبِّبُ رُؤيتَها، وهو الأمرُ الذي أكَّدَ على بُطلانِه عمليًّا وبالأدلةِ الدامغةِ الفيزيائيُّ العربيُّ المَوْسوعيُّ «الحسَنُ بن الهيثم» الذي لم يَقتصِرْ شغَفُه على دراسةِ الظَّواهرِ الفيزيائيَّة، بل كانتْ له إسهاماتٌ قيِّمةٌ في علومِ الجبْرِ والهندسةِ والطبِّ البَشري، كما كانَ من أوائلِ الذين فكَّروا في بناءِ خزَّانٍ لمِياهِ نهرِ النيلِ يَحفظُ القُرى المِصْريةَ من خطَرِ الفيضانِ ويوفِّرُ للمُزارِعِينَ المياهَ الكافيةَ للزراعةِ على مَدارِ العام. وعلى تعدُّدِ ما قدَّمَه «ابنُ الهيثم» من أبحاثٍ في العلوم، فإنَّ أعمالَه في مَجالِ البَصريَّاتِ (أو ما يُسمَّى اليومَ ﺑ «فِيزياءِ الضَّوْء») تظلُّ دُرَّةَ التاجِ فيما ترَكَ هذا العالِمُ الفذُّ ابنُ مَدينةِ «البَصْرة» العِراقيَّة؛ إحدى الحواضِرِ العِلْميَّةِ الزاهرةِ في زمنِ الخِلافةِ العباسيَّة.

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